neuro disorders review

Here are some practice questions....

When preparing a client with suspected herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) for myelography, which nursing intervention should be done before the test?
a. Question the client about allergy to iodine.
b. Mark distal pulses on the foot in ink
c. Assess and document pain along the sciatic nerve.
d. Tell the client he may be asked to cough or pant to clear the dye.

The nurse is caring for a client with a cerebral injury that has impaired his speech and hearing. The client has most likely experienced damage to the:
a. Frontal lobe
b. Parietal lobe
c. Occipital lobe
d. Temporal lobe

A client is scheduled for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head. Which area is essential to assess before the procedure?
a. Food or drink intake within the past 8 hours.
b. Metal fillings, prostheses, or a pacemaker
c. The presence of carotid artery disease
d. Voiding before the procedure.

While cooking, your client couldn’t feel the temperature of a hot oven. Which lobe could be dysfunctional?
a. Frontal
b. Occipital
c. Parietal
d. Temporal

Which neurotransmitter is responsible for many of the functions of the frontal lobe?
a. Dopamine
b. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
c. Histamine
d. Norepinephrine

Which of the following is the function of the myelin sheath around axon?
a. To provide link between sensory and motor neurons
b. To transmit impulses toward the cell body
c. To prevent continuous responses to the receiving cell
d. To electrically insulate the nerve cell

A nurse is caring for a client with a head injury caused by a bicycle accident. Which of the following could be the consequences of an injury close to where the brain and spinal connect?
a. Damage to respiratory center
b. Temporary or permanent paralysis
c. Fracture or the dislocation of vertebrae
d. Heavy bleeding in the central gray matter.

Which of the following is a function of the nervous system?
a. It monitors information from internal stimuli
b. It acts as a shock absorber for the brain and spinal cord.
c. It connects the brain to the spinal cord
d. It carries messages between the cerebrum and medulla

Which of the following is the function of thalamus?
a. It regulates body temperature
b. It adjusts to impulses from the proprioceptors
c. It integrates sensations
d. It regulates visceral activities

A 50-year-old client was admitted to a healthcare facility after traffic accident. The nurse checking the vital signs observes that there are no visible signs of life. Respiration has creased, and there is no heartbeat. Which of the following test should the nurse expect the physician to order to confirm brain death in this client?
a. Positron emission tomography
b. Radioisotope brain scan
c. Cerebral angiography
d. Electroencephalography (EEG)

A nurse is assisting a neurosurgeon in performing positron emission tomography. What should the nurse observe for in the client during the procedure?
a. Signs of anaphylaxis
b. Sign of ptosis
c. Respiratory distress
d. Goose bumps on the skin.s

A folded layer of nerve cells that covers each hemisphere of the brain is called the:
a. Cerebellum
b. Cerebrum
c. Gyrus
d. Cortex

Which diagnostic test shows the narrowing of cerebral blood vessels?
a. CT scan
b. MRI
c. EEG
d. Angiography

Which procedure is a visualization of the spinal cord and vertebrae through the injection of a radiopaque dye directly into the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord?
a. Myelography
b. Electromyography
c. Lumbar puncture
d. Electroencephalography

The client with a head injury is having problems with several sensory functions. The nurse should understand that the structure that acts as a relay center for sensory impulses is the:
a. Thalamus
b. Cerebellum
c. Hypothalamus
d. Medulla oblongata

After a head injury, a client reports experiencing changes in emotion. The nurse understands that feeling of pleasantness, or unpleasantness, varying in degree from mild to intense, occur when the sensory impulses reach the:
a. Thalamus
b. Basal ganglia
c. Hypothalamus
d. Cerebral cortex

A client has experienced multiple transient ischemic attacks. The nurse understands an arterial anastomosis present at the base of the brain is important in maintaining the integrity of the cerebral neurons. What is the name of the anastomosis?
a. Volar arch
b. Circle or Willis
c. Brachial plexus
d. Brachiocephalic sinus